Water is an inorganic universal solvent. Half of the planet is covered by vast bodies of water. It has been an essential factor in the survival of the human race and an anchor in the existence of life as a whole.
There are several qualities that consumable water should possess which are;
⦁ It should be transparent and colorless
⦁ It should be tasteless and odorless
⦁ It should be mineral rich and void of particles.
⦁ Should be uncontaminated, without unhealthy toxins or chemicals.
The average adult human body is made up of 60% of water. Water has been known not only to be a solvent but also serves in the delivery mechanism of the human body. Water is unevenly distributed throughout the human body with several organs having higher water composition than other. The heart and brain are made up of 73% of water, the lungs are composed of 83%, the skin 64%, bones 31%, muscles and kidneys with79% of water.
Your entire body needs water to survive, without water your organs are likely to shut down and that may result to death.
Composition of water in humans varies with age, height, weight and gender.
Considering age babies have the highest water percentage being born with about 78% and it drops as they age. Looking at gender men have more water than females. This is because females have more fat tissues and fat tissues don’t contain as much water as muscle tissues which are more in men.
An adequate daily water intake will be about 3.7littres for men and 2.7littres for women. It is important to note that though we can also get water from food it is important we maintain normal fluid intake.
The importance and functions of water can never be overemphasized which are;
⦁ It plays a role in the formation of saliva; Saliva is produced in the oral cavity. It is a key element in the primary mechanism of digestion. Water is the main component of saliva. The quantity of saliva produced will depend on your water intake. Saliva not only plays a crucial role in digestion but it also keeps your mouth moist hence preventing mouth sores, blisters, and prevents the skin on your lips from breaking.
⦁ Regulation of body temperature;
Temperature is regulated by perspiration (sweating). This occurs via skin pores during physical activities and under hot conditions. Sweating keeps the body cool. The more you perspire the more water you loose and if this water is not replaced your body temperature will rise again and may also cause dehydration. Dehydration causes loose of electrolytes and plasma. Severe dehydration can be fatal.
⦁ Lubrication and cushion;
Water lubricates joints and spinal cord and acts as a cushion for tissues. Synovial fluid which is found between joints is made up of water, the fluid lubricates the joints and act as a shock absorber thus preventing mechanical injury. The spinal cord is lubricated and cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid which is also made of water. The are several other fluids made up of water that protect internal organs such as pericardial fluid for heart, plural fluid for lungs, peritoneal fluid for tissues found in the peritoneal cavity.
⦁ Eases digestion and prevents constipation;
Drinking water after and even during meals helps ease the breakdown of food hence ensuring effective digestion. Constipation may result from indigestion or the inability to effectively remove waste through the rectum. Drinking enough water will make stool softer helping it pass more smoothly.
⦁ It helps to reduce the effects of aging by keeping your skin healthy and bright. Drinking enough water keeps your will keep your skin hydrated, promotes collagen production which prevents skin wear and tear.
⦁ In brain function water does wonders; If you’ve ever felt cloudy up there after a long day or felt foggy after hours of study what you need is water. It is important to keep yourself hydrated when putting your brain to a lot of water. The brain swims in a fluid called the cerebrospinal fluid and as earlier mentioned it is made up of water staying hydrated keeps it to normal level .
⦁ It functions in transport and fluid circulation. Water is like the body’s delivery guy. It transports nutrients gotten from food and oxygen throughout the entire body via blood. Remember that our blood is 90% water. In fluid circulation water carries waste products such as urea and creatinine out of the body through urine and sweat in a process called excretion. These are waste products of metabolism that if not removed could be toxic to the human body. This also goes to keep your kidneys healthy.
⦁ Water keeps your energy level up, maximizing physical performance; Metabolism involves breaking down and building up. Metabolism is how your body is able to generate energy through breakdown of glucose. Drinking up to 500ml of water can boost your metabolic rate by 30% this increases energy production thus increasing physical performance, This role is essential in athletes due to their high perspiration rate, it is very important for them to stay hydrated.
⦁ Water together with physical exercise will enable you to loose weight and keep fit
⦁ Again as water facilitates digestion it also enables your body to absorbed the nutrients produced by dissolving then. As earlier stated water is a universal polar solvent so this property comes into play here.
⦁ Ever feel gloomy or moody? You are probably just dehydrated. Dehydration causes fatigue, confusion and even anxiety which are mood downers.
⦁ For people suffering from gastritis the importance of drinking water can not be overemphasized. Water keeps your gastric acid level down keeping you comfortable.
The list of importance goes on and on. The overall disadvantage of not drinking enough water is dehydration. Dehydration can cause your body to crash by slowing and even shutting down body processes. So stay hydrated and stay sharp and healthy.
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