A mobile phone is just an electronic device made for mobile telecommunications through a cellular network of base stations known as cells.
As technology advances in other sectors, it does not skip the part of telecommunication. In the early generation of mobile devices like the mobile phone, mobile phones were limited to just performing basic operations like calls and SMS (these are applications of the WSM technology), unlike now where mobile phones seems to be mini computers. Mobile phones these days can perform a whole lot of operations like entertainment, communication, filming, browsing etc. But our main focus in this article is in how a mobile phone operates when it comes to communication.
Just like a radio system, the mobile phone system could be known to function as a two-way radio system. This is because it has a receiver and transmitter in the same device. Mobile phones transmission is always a full duplex. In a mobile telecommunication system, there exist base stations with antennas that are mounted high off the ground (sometimes on a tower or a roof) to get the widest network coverage. The base station in this case provides the basis for communication between two or more mobile phone.
What happens during a communication(call) session between two mobile phones?
Unlike a radio system where there exist a receiver and a transmitter, mobile phones are capable transmitting receiving signals simultaneously.
Communication is made possible in mobile phones with the use of a SIM CARD. A SIM card is a smart that that contains the user’s subscription information and phone book. This helps users to retain their information even after turning off their mobile phone. In addition, a SIM helps users to change their service providers as they retain their handset by changing SIM. A SIM card stores the service subscriber key(15 key digits).
The digits of the key are :
- First 3 digits – Mobile country code
- Second 2 digits – Mobile network code
- Third 10 digits – Mobile station identification number
When we place a call, the mobile phone tries for an SID on the Control channel. The Control channel provides a frequency that enables the phone and base station to talk to one another. If the Mobile phone do not succeed to get link with the control channel, it displays a “no service” message.
- When the Mobile phone succeeds to gets the security identifier, it compares the security identifier(SID) with the SID programmed in the phone. If both security identifiers match, the phone identifies that there is a home communication in the cell
- The mobile phone transmits a registration request along with the security identifier and the MTSO keeps track of your phone’s location in a database. MTSO knows the cell in which you are when it tries to ring the phone.
- The Mobile Telephone Switching Office gets the signal, it tries to find the phone. The Mobile Telephone Switching search in its database to find the cell in which the phone is present. The Mobile Telephone Switching then picks a frequency pair to take the call.
- The Mobile Telephone Switching communicates with the Mobile phone through the control channel to tell it what frequencies to use. Once the Mobile phone and the tower switch on those frequencies, the call is initiated and connected
- When the Mobile phone move toward the edge of the cell, the cell’s base station will note that the signal strength is diminishing. At the same time, the base station in the cell in which the phone is moving will be able to notice an increase the phone’s signal strength.
- The two base stations coordinate themselves through the The Mobile Telephone Switching. At a certain point, the Mobile phone gets a signal on a control channel and directs it to change frequencies. This switches the phone to the new cell
How a mobile phone works may seem interesting to the users, but could be associated to so many health damages. This is an implication that the way we use our mobile phones really matter . click the link below and know how mobile phone usage may impact your health.
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